Institutional Drift, Property Rights, and economic Development: Evidence from Historic Treaties

Speaker: Prof Donn Feir

Affiliaition: The University of Victoria

Location: Level 6 Boardroom (629), Colin Clark Building (#39), St Lucia Campus

Abstract: For nearly three centuries, Indigenous peoples within the borders of present-day Canada engaged in treaty-making with the British Crown and other European powers. These treaties formed the colonial legal basis for access to Indigenous lands. However, treaties were not negotiated everywhere, including in regions subsequently settled by Europeans. Consequently, there is substantial regional variation in the legal status of occupied lands, jurisdiction over natural resources, and state commitments to Indigenous nations.  We consider how these legal institutions have shaped the path of economic development in Indigenous communities. Using restricted-access census data, we argue that historic treaties have substantially lowered income in Indigenous communities today. We argue that this results from the constitutional and legal recognition of Aboriginal rights and title, which have dramatically increased bargaining power and, consequently, income growth in non-treaty Indigenous communities.